Molecular Biology Department with General Chemistry and Biochemistry Course
|
No. |
Full name of faculty member |
Position |
Degree |
Scientific interests |
Name, address of clinical base, room No. |
|
1 |
Gulmira Umirzakovna Tulegenova |
Head of the Course, senior professor |
Candidate of Chemical Sciences |
Study of physicochemical properties of metacide polycomplexes |
51/53 Abylai Khan Avenue |
|
2 |
Gulmira Turekaziyevna Tuleyeva |
Deputy Head, senior professor |
Master |
Features of vitamins’ effect on the body |
51/53 Abylai Khan Avenue |
|
3 |
Talshyn Sagyndykovna Sagyndykova |
Senior professor |
Master |
Effects of heavy metals on proteins and enzymes |
51/53 Abylai Khan Avenue |
|
4 |
Ramazan Beibitovich Myrzakhmet |
Professor |
Master, professor |
Study of the biological activity of drone brood |
51/53 Abylai Khan Avenue |
|
5 |
Ainur Algazhiyevna Nugmanova |
Professor |
Master, professor |
Development and methods for producing new oil bitumen emulsions |
51/53 Abylai Khan Avenue |
|
6 |
Batima Kanaghat |
Professor |
Master, professor |
Methods for acrylamide and methacrylic acid copolymer recovery and their application |
51/53 Abylai Khan Avenue |
|
7 |
Botagoz Beibitovna Myrzakhmetova |
Professor |
PhD, senior professor |
Study of biological activity of drone brood |
51/53 Abylai Khan Avenue |
|
8 |
Gauhar Amantayevna Tolegen |
Professor |
Candidate of Chemical Sciences, senior professor |
Study of biological activity of drone brood |
51/53 Abylai Khan Avenue |
|
9 |
Yelnur Kaypovna Abdulina |
Professor |
Master, professor |
Study of biological activity of drone brood |
51/53 Abylai Khan Avenue |
1. Biochemistry is a science that studies, firstly, the chemical composition of cells and organisms, and secondly, the chemical processes that lie under their activity. Carl Neuberg, a chemist from Germany, introduced the term to the scientific community in 1903.
Discipline goal: The goal of mastering the Biochemistry discipline is to acquire knowledge about the structure and properties of chemical compounds that make up living organisms, about the basic laws of biochemical processes and metabolic regulation mechanisms. The goal is to master the methods and skills of working on devices and equipment used in biochemical laboratories of both research and production profile.
Learning objectives
Studying the main sections of modern biochemistry, namely: the general structural, physical and chemical properties of the main classes of biomolecules; functions of biomolecules in a cell, enzymatic kinetics; cellular metabolism and regulation of biochemical processes; mechanisms of enzyme action and their role in metabolic processes; metabolic reactions in human, animal and plant tissues; basic concepts and definitions in biochemistry, basic methods of biochemical research.
Learning outcomes
- Students should know:
- biochemistry of proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, minerals, vitamins and hormones;
- the essence of chemical transformations occurring in organisms, the mechanisms of their regulation and their role in ensuring the vital functions of the organism;
- methods of theoretical and experimental research.
- Students should be able to:
- independently acquire new knowledge in this discipline, analyse and apply the acquired knowledge in practice and in the study of other disciplines;
- independently conduct experiments according to a given scheme, using laboratory equipment and instruments;
- analyse the obtained experimental data.
- Students should have the skills:
- in working with instruments and equipment used in biochemical laboratories (spectrophotometers, photoelectrocolourimeters, centrifuges);
- of working with methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis of nucleic acids, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and hormones in biological material.
2. Chemistry is a fundamental discipline about the world, the scientific component of which is based on the basic concepts of “substance” and “reaction” and in accordance with the requirements for training specialists in various fields is included in the fundamental part of the mathematical, natural, and scientific cycle of the structure of the main curriculum.
Discipline goal: The goal of mastering the Chemistry discipline is to form a holistic physical and chemical, natural science approach to the study of the human body, as well as substantiation of the chemical and physicochemical aspects of the most important processes and various types of reactions that occur in a living body.
Learning objectives
- Form an understanding of the fundamentals of chemical thermodynamics and the relationship of chemical energy with other types of energy in relation to living systems;
- Form an idea of the relationship between the structure and chemical properties of the main classes of natural organic compounds and biopolymers;
- Teach how to apply physical and chemical laws to the description of biochemical processes that occur in the body;
- Form a concept of the relationship between the chemical composition, structure, properties and biological activity of substances, including organic components of living bodies and medicines;
- Teach skills in working with literature and electronic databases.
Learning outcomes
- Students should know:
- the most important theoretical principles of chemical thermodynamics, 1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics;
- the main ways of expressing the solution composition;
- colligative properties of solutions, their role in the body;
- the theory of the structure of atoms and molecules, the coordination theory of the structure of complex compounds, the chemistry of biogenic elements;
- the essence of acid-base equilibrium and the function of the buffer systems of the body;
- the theory of redox processes;
- physical and chemical patterns of surface phenomena, structure and properties of biological membranes and dispersed systems of a living body;
- the nature and characteristics of the physicochemical properties of high molecular compounds (HMCs) and biopolymers;
- rules for the classification and nomenclature of organic compounds;
- types and mechanisms of chemical reactions;
- possible ways of transforming functional groups and the most important classes of organic compounds;
- the relationship of structural features and chemical properties of organic compounds with their biological activity;
- the role of bioregulators and biopolymers in the vital processes.
- Students should be able to:
- apply safety precautions when working in chemical laboratories, use chemical glassware, basic instruments and methods of physicochemical measurements required in medical practice;
- calculate the molar concentration, molar concentration of equivalent, mass fraction of solute, titer of the solution and thermal effects of chemical reactions;
- conduct potentiometric pH measurement, chromatographic analysis;
- determine the adsorption value, the coagulation threshold, the degree of biopolymer swelling, the relative molecular weight of low molecular substances according to cryometric data and HMCs according to viscometric data;
- obtain colloidal solutions and investigate their properties;
- classify organic compounds according to the carbohydrate structure and the nature of the functional groups;
- use the rules of nomenclature of chemical compounds;
- connect the biological functions of organic molecules with their structure and reactivity;
- qualitatively determine unsaturated compounds, amino acids, monosaccharides, the presence of a peptide bond in the molecule, functional groups;
- predict the chemical behaviour of organic compounds in certain environmental conditions based on knowledge of the theoretical foundations of organic chemistry.
- Students should have the skills in:
- preparing solutions of a given concentration, determining the density and pH of solutions;
- preparing buffer solutions with given pH value, determining buffer capacity;
- conducting qualitative reactions to cations and anions of biogenic elements, as well as functional groups of the most important classes of chemical compounds.
3. Inorganic chemistry is the first basic step after a high school chemistry course. It studies the chemical elements and the simple and complex substances formed by them (except organic compounds). It ensures the creation of the latest technology materials. The number of inorganic substances known for 2013 is approaching 500 thousand.
Discipline goal: The main goal of teaching this discipline at the Pharmacy Faculty is to study the laws and concepts of chemistry, the nomenclature of inorganic compounds, the atom structure, the theory of chemical bonds, the properties of solutions, as well as the chemistry of elements in accordance with their position in D.I. Mendeleev periodic system of elements, their role in biological processes and in medicines.
Learning objectives of inorganic chemistry are the study of the following:
- modern ideas about the electronic structure of atoms and molecules;
- theories of chemical bonding in compounds of various types;
- the structure of substances in various states of aggregation;
- the main laws of chemical processes to optimise the conditions for their practical implementation;
- methods for describing chemical equilibria in electrolyte solutions;
- structural features and properties of coordination compounds;
- patterns of changes in the properties of substances depending on the position of their constituent elements in the Periodic System;
- the most important method in the study of the structure and properties of inorganic substances;
- modern trends in the development of inorganic chemistry and inorganic material science.
Learning outcomes
- Students should know:
- Basic chemical laws and concepts (substance, chemical element, atom, molecule, relative atomic and molecular masses, ion, allotropy, isotopes, chemical bonding, electronegativity, valence, oxidation state, mole, molar mass, molar volume, solutions, electrolyte and non-electrolyte, electrolytic dissociation, oxidising and reducing agents, oxidation and reduction, thermal effect of the reaction, chemical reaction rate, catalysis, chemical equilibrium), discipline terminology.
- General information about the chemical element (name, chemical symbol, relative atomic mass).
- Position of the chemical element in the Periodic System (serial number, period, group, subgroup).
- The structure of the element atom (nuclear charge; the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus; the number of electrons; their distribution by energy levels, sublevels and atomic orbitals, the electronic configuration formula).
- Properties of a simple substance formed by the given element (metal, non-metal, state of aggregation under normal conditions, type of chemical bond in the substance).
- Higher oxide and its corresponding hydroxide (formulae, valence and element oxidation degree in a compound), their acid-base properties.
- Hydrogen compound (formula, valence and element oxidation degree in a compound); other element compounds (formulae, cationic or anionic form).
- The essence of chemical processes that are accompanied by the occurrence of an electric current or are caused by an electric current.
- The basic rules of occupational safety and health when working in a chemical laboratory;
- Students should be able to:
- name inorganic substances according to the “trivial” or international nomenclature;
- determine: the valence and oxidation degree of chemical elements, the type of chemical bond in the compounds, the ion charge, the nature of the medium in aqueous solutions of inorganic compounds, oxidising and reducing agent;
- perform a chemical experiment to recognise the most important inorganic substances;
- use D.I. Mendeleev periodic system of elements;
- solve qualitative and calculation tasks in relation to the curriculum material;
- analyse independent sections of the curriculum; use the educational basic and additional literature related to the discipline;
- conduct an independent search for chemical information using various sources (popular science publications, digital databases, Internet resources); use computer methods to process the results of chemical experiments and transfer chemical information.
- Students should have the skills in applying:
- methods for conducting simple chemical measurements to determine the chemical properties and characteristics of inorganic compounds,
- methods of safe handling of combustible and toxic substances, laboratory equipment;
- theoretical methods for describing the properties of simple and complex substances based on their position in the Periodic System of chemical elements;
4. Medical chemistry is a fundamental discipline about the world, the scientific component of which is based on the basic concepts of “substance” and “reaction” and in accordance with the requirements for training specialists in various fields is included in the fundamental part of the mathematical, natural, and scientific cycle of the structure of the main curriculum.
Discipline goal: The goal of mastering the Medical Chemistry discipline is to form a holistic physical and chemical, natural science approach to the study of the human body, as well as substantiation of the chemical and physicochemical aspects of the most important processes and various types of reactions that occur in a living body.
Learning objectives
- Form an understanding of the fundamentals of chemical thermodynamics and the relationship of chemical energy with other types of energy in relation to living systems;
- Form an idea of the relationship between the structure and chemical properties of the main classes of natural organic compounds and biopolymers;
- Teach how to apply physical and chemical laws to the description of biochemical processes that occur in the body;
- Form a concept of the relationship between the chemical composition, structure, properties and biological activity of substances, including organic components of living bodies and medicines;
- Teach skills in working with literature and electronic databases.
Learning outcomes
- Students should know:
- the most important theoretical principles of chemical thermodynamics, 1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics;
- the main ways of expressing the solution composition;
- colligative properties of solutions, their role in the body;
- the theory of the structure of atoms and molecules, the coordination theory of the structure of complex compounds, the chemistry of biogenic elements;
- the essence of acid-base equilibrium and the function of the buffer systems of the body;
- the theory of redox processes;
- physical and chemical patterns of surface phenomena, structure and properties of biological membranes and dispersed systems of a living body;
- the nature and characteristics of the physicochemical properties of high molecular compounds (HMCs) and biopolymers;
- rules for the classification and nomenclature of organic compounds;
- types and mechanisms of chemical reactions;
- possible ways of transforming functional groups and the most important classes of organic compounds;
- the relationship of structural features and chemical properties of organic compounds with their biological activity;
- the role of bioregulators and biopolymers in the vital processes.
- Students should be able to:
- apply safety precautions when working in chemical laboratories, use chemical glassware, basic instruments and methods of physicochemical measurements required in medical practice;
- calculate the molar concentration, molar concentration of equivalent, mass fraction of solute, titer of the solution and thermal effects of chemical reactions;
- conduct potentiometric pH measurement, chromatographic analysis;
- determine the adsorption value, the coagulation threshold, the degree of biopolymer swelling, the relative molecular weight of low molecular substances according to cryometric data and HMCs according to viscometric data;
- obtain colloidal solutions and investigate their properties;
- classify organic compounds according to the carbohydrate structure and the nature of the functional groups;
- use the rules of nomenclature of chemical compounds;
- connect the biological functions of organic molecules with their structure and reactivity;
- qualitatively determine unsaturated compounds, amino acids, monosaccharides, the presence of a peptide bond in the molecule, functional groups;
- predict the chemical behaviour of organic compounds in certain environmental conditions based on knowledge of the theoretical foundations of organic chemistry.
- Students should have the skills in:
- preparing solutions of a given concentration, determining the density and pH of solutions;
- preparing buffer solutions with given pH value, determining buffer capacity;
- conducting qualitative reactions to cations and anions of biogenic elements, as well as functional groups of the most important classes of chemical compounds.
5. Organic chemistry studies the structure and chemical properties of important classes of organic compounds, groups of natural biologically active compounds, as well as biopolymers and their structural components, which serves as a platform for the perception of biomedical and pharmaceutical knowledge at the molecular level.
Discipline goal: The goal of mastering the Organic Chemistry discipline is to generate systemic knowledge about the patterns in the chemical behaviour of the main classes of organic compounds in conjunction with their structure, to use this knowledge as the basis for studying processes in a living body.
Learning objectives
- the basic laws of the structure, properties and interconversions of various classes of organic compounds;
- basic concepts of theoretical organic chemistry;
- modern methods for determining the composition and structure of organic compounds;
- reactivity of organic substances.
Learning outcomes
- Students should know:
- the principles of classification and nomenclature of the main classes of organic compounds;
- types of isomerism of organic substances;
- methods for obtaining and reactivity of representatives of the most important classes of organic compounds;
- chemical and physical methods for the identification of organic compounds;
- rules for working with organic substances
- 2. Students should be able to:
- relate the substances to certain classes based on their structure;
- make the names of organic compounds using the IUPAC nomenclature rules, make structural formulae of substances by their names;
- depict structural and spatial formulae of isomers, name the latter using D,L-, R,Sand E,-Z nomenclature systems;
- determine the nature of the distribution of electron density in molecules, taking into account the electronic effects;
- predict the methods of preparation and chemical properties of the compounds based on their structure;
- determine the structure of substances based on chemical properties and spectral characteristics;
- describe the mechanisms of radical, electrophilic, and nucleophilic substitution in general terms and using specific examples;
- perform qualitative reactions to functional groups;
- Students should have the skills in:
- predicting the physical and chemical transformations of medicinal substances in the process of their handling and storage;
- interpreting the results of the analysis, the reasons for the poor quality of medicines; indicating ways to avoid their possible poor quality;
- conducting experimental work using chemical glassware and equipment;
- choosing the optimal way for the synthesis of given organic compounds;
- finding and using synthetic information to solve synthetic problems;
- ensuring the environmental safety of the production and use of medicines.
6. Analytical chemistry is the science of the methods of studying the qualitative and quantitative composition of substances. Recently, physicochemical experimental research methods are widely introduced, which are distinguished by speed and high sensitivity, i.e. chromatography, polarography, potentiometry, etc.
Discipline goal: The goal of mastering the Analytical Chemistry discipline is to provide students with basic knowledge in all aspects of modern analytical chemistry, developing fundamental methods and techniques based on the fundamental laws of physics and chemistry for establishing the qualitative and quantitative composition of various objects and ensuring control of technological processes. The subject of analytical chemistry is the theory and practice of analysis methods that include the evaluation of the results.
Learning objectives
- determining the nature of the substance (organic or inorganic);
- establishing the form of individual components (ions, molecules, atoms) and the degree of element oxidation;
- determining the composition and content of the main (basic) component and its impurities, as well as microimpurities in especially pure technical objects;
- determining an unknown compound formula;
- determining structural elements and structure of the compound.
Learning outcomes
- Students should know:
- the metrological basics of analytical chemistry;
- characteristic qualitative reactions for the determination of cations, anions, hydrolysis reaction, oxidation, recovery and ion exchange reactions;
- the course of the analysis of cation or anion mixture;
- the main methods of the assay: weight and volume;
- basic principles and formulae of calculations in weight and titrimetric assay;
- methods for preparing solutions of various concentrations.
- Students should be able to:
- substantiate the relationship of the chemical-analytical properties of ions with the position of elements in the Periodic System, for organic substances with the presence of functional groups in them;
- evaluate the capabilities of the methods based on theoretical knowledge; reasonably choose a method, analysis scheme for solving specific practical problems;
- master the skills of working with basic analytical equipment, glassware, and reagents;
- conduct an experiment and mathematically process its results using computer technology.
- perform qualitative reactions to identify cations or anions; prepare solutions of various concentrations; weigh using technical and analytical scales;
- Students should have the skills in:
- methods of chemical experiments, conducting test reactions, skills in working with chemical glassware and simple devices;
- methods of experimental determination of pH of solutions using indicators and instruments;
- using the simplest operations when performing qualitative and quantitative assays of substances;
- the technique of working on physical devices used for qualitative and quantitative analysis (photocolorimeter, spectrophotometer, pH meter, coulometer, amperometric installation, etc.);
- skills in conducting a systematic analysis of an unknown compound;
- methods of statistical processing of experimental results.
7. Physical and Colloid Chemistry is a basic part of the chemical disciplines necessary for modern theoretical training, the practical work of a pharmacist.
Discipline goal:
- To prepare students to master the basics of the disciplines studied during the training of professional pharmacy personnel (and other specialities related to the use of various physical and chemical processes), taking into account their further professional activities.
- To contribute to the formation of a natural scientific worldview, understanding of the basic laws of various physicochemical, biological and other natural phenomena and technological processes.
- To master the physical and chemical foundations of forecasting, development, control, optimisation of various technological processes, especially during the receipt, quality control, storage, and use of pharmaceuticals and medicines.
Learning objectives
- – understand the mechanism of chemical processes;
- – control chemical and colloidal chemical processes; carry out process control at the early technological stages of production;
- – master the research methods and acquire the skills of experimental work on modern laboratory equipment.
Learning outcomes
- Students should know:
- the purpose and objectives of physical and colloidal chemistry, methods for their solving;
- the basic laws of physics and chemistry, physical and chemical phenomena and laws used in physical and colloidal chemistry;
- metrological requirements when working with physical and chemical equipment;
- safety rules when working in a chemical laboratory and with physical equipment;
- solutions and processes occurring in aqueous solutions;
- the basic laws of thermodynamics, thermochemistry, including the role and importance of thermodynamic potentials, corollaries of the Hess’ law;
- chemical equilibrium, methods for calculating equilibrium constants, phase equilibria; fundamentals of physical and chemical analysis;
- properties of dilute solutions; electrolyte solutions; electrode potentials and electromotive forces;
- kinetics of chemical reactions. Catalysis; physical and chemical basics of surface phenomena and dispersed phenomena; the influence of various factors on the destruction of medicines;
- methods for calculating shelf life, half-life of medicinal substances;
- the possibility of using surface phenomena for the preparation of dosage forms;
- the fundamentals of the phase and physical states of polymers, the possibility of their changes for use in medicine, pharmacy;
- the main properties of high molecular substances;
- Students should be able to:
- independently work with educational and reference books on physical and colloid chemistry;
- use the basic techniques and methods of physical and chemical measurements; work with the main types of devices used in physical and colloidal chemistry; calculate the thermodynamic functions of the state of the system, the thermal effects of chemical processes; calculate equilibrium constants, equilibrium concentrations of reactants, equilibrium chemical yield, degree of conversion of the basic substance; displace equilibrium in solutions;
- assemble the simplest units for laboratory research.
- tabulate experimental data, graphically represent them, interpolate, extrapolate to find the desired values;
- measure the physical and chemical parameters of solutions;
- conduct elementary statistical processing of experimental data in physicochemical experiments;
- process, analyse and summarise the results of physical and chemical observations and measurements;
- apply the acquired knowledge in the study of analytical, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacognosy, pharmacology, toxicology, medicine technology.
- Students should have the skills in:
- applying methods of statistical processing of experimental results of physical and chemical research;
- applying methods for assessing errors in physicochemical measurements;
- applying methods of colourimetry, polarimetry, potentiometry, spectrophotometry, refractometry, cryometry, chromatography;
- interpreting the calculated values of thermodynamic functions in order to predict the capability and direction of chemical processes;
- the technique of conducting basic physical and chemical experiments;
- the technique of experimental determination of pH of solutions using indicators and instruments;
- applying physical and chemical methods of analysis of substances that form regular solutions and dispersed systems;
- preparing, assessing the quality, and determining the ways to improve the stability of dispersed systems;
- conducting scientific research to determine the relationship between physicochemical properties and pharmacological activity.
